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- <text id=93TT2175>
- <title>
- Sep. 06, 1993: How to Make Marriage Matter
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Sep. 06, 1993 Boom Time In The Rockies
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- ESSAY, Page 76
- How to Make Marriage Matter
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>Amitai Etzioni
- </p>
- <p>Amitai Etzioni is the author of The Spirit of Community and
- the founder of the communitarian movement.
- </p>
- <p> "It is easier in these United States to walk away from a marriage
- than from a commitment to purchase a used car," says Professor
- Thomas Morgan of the George Washington University School of
- Law. "Most contracts cannot be unilaterally abrogated; marriages
- in contemporary America can be terminated by practically anyone
- at any time, and without cause." Assume that as a society we
- treat marriage too lightly. A few decades back, we decided that
- marital bonds tied too tightly. In those days many had to travel
- to Mexico to obtain a divorce, or acquire residency in Nevada.
- Others had to make believe that one of the parties had engaged
- in a nefarious affair. We responded with no-fault divorce. A
- generation later, many feel that our society oversteered the
- other way, rendering marriages almost disposable.
- </p>
- <p> A new course correction could be forced by the heavy hand of
- the law. However, most Americans are properly leery of excessive
- reliance on government. Our society requires a change in the
- habits of the heart, in the ways we think about marriage and
- how we value it.
- </p>
- <p> "Supervows" would send a powerful message. Such vows are premarital
- contracts in which those about to be betrothed declare that
- they are committing more to their marriage than the law requires.
- They may choose from a menu of items what they wish to incorporate
- in their voluntary agreement. For instance, if either spouse
- requests marital counseling, the other promises to participate.
- If one asks for a divorce, he or she promises to wait at least
- six months to see if differences can be worked out. Once the
- couple freely arrives at an agreement, the supervows become
- legal commitments between the spouses.
- </p>
- <p> Not very romantic, demur critics. Fair enough. Shoring up marriages
- may well require less infatuation and more responsibility. Church
- and synagogue programs that encourage engaged couples to discuss
- with each other, before they tie the knot, who will attend to
- the children, who will control the bank account and other such
- pivotal questions are fulfilling a similar societal need. Even
- better are school programs that teach conflict resolution. Studies
- have shown that stable and contented couples fight about as
- often as those in marriages that are failing. However, the happy
- couples have learned to fight better--to be issue- rather
- than person-oriented, for instance.
- </p>
- <p> Before the salvation of marriage can progress, society requires
- an encompassing consensus that there is a problem. Currently,
- evolving such a consensus is being waylaid by an ideological
- word game. As long as the term family is used to cover both
- the "real" family and its antithesis--the single-parent version--the question of whether a society can do without families
- is hopelessly obfuscated. Moreover, a challenging thesis is
- hidden: the thesis that it does not matter which social arrangements
- adults devise to bring up children. It is implied (rather than
- demonstrated) by calling single-parent households "families"
- that one parent can do the job of two, that grannies and aunties
- can replace Mom and Pop, and so on. All will serve equally well.
- Hence all may be accorded the august title "family," and whether
- the couple is married matters not.
- </p>
- <p> Here science chimes in, its voice rising. Over the past years,
- a growing body of evidence shows that children who grow up under
- the tutelage of people other than their natural parents are
- more likely to fail in school, have social difficulties and
- get arrested. To a large extent, their failings reflect the
- fact that single parents are economically disadvantaged as compared
- with two-parent families. However, this difference is also affected
- by the dismemberment of the family. It costs more to run two
- households than one.
- </p>
- <p> Slowly, more and more people are realizing what anthropologists
- have long observed: that throughout the enormous variety of
- human experience, over all continents and throughout all history,
- no society ever thrived without family. True, there were all
- kinds of arrangements, from extended families to clans that
- helped do the parenting. In India, it is said, a child was always
- in somebody's arms. In Africa, we are told, it takes a whole
- village to raise a child. But these wondrous social fabrics
- gave additional support rather than replaced the nuclear family.
- Our society increasingly has neither.
- </p>
- <p> Once we firmly agree that there is a problem, to change course
- society requires a vision: Where are we headed? Social conservatives
- nostalgically envision a return to the days when moms did the
- nurturing and pops brought home the bacon. However, there is
- no moral justification for treating women as having lesser rights
- than men, denying them the right to work outside the home and
- largely exempting men from parental responsibilities. The communitarian
- movement--which seeks to shore up the moral, social and political
- foundations of society--is closer to the mark. Communitarians,
- for whom I often speak, envision a family in which fathers and
- mothers share the tribulations and jobs of parenting and of
- securing a livelihood.
- </p>
- <p> A recommitment to family requires new practices. Social sciences
- show that values do not fly on their own wings; they must be
- embodied in our rituals. Supervows may serve as one such sociological
- device. If it becomes chic to state "We have a supervow!"--with the implicit question "And how about you?" hanging in the
- air--we will be on the way to valuing marriage and thus family
- more highly, without relying on punitive laws. Supervows alone
- will not carry the day, but they will help mend the American
- family.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-